Keri Martinowich, Robert J. Schloesser, Husseini K. Manji
J Clin Invest.
2009;
119(4):726–736
doi:10.1172/JCI37703
This article Copyright © 2009, The American Society for Clinical Investigation
Abstract
|
Full text
|
PDF
B
ipolar disorder (BPD) is a devastating illness that is characterized by recurrent
episodes of mania and depression. In addition to these cyclic episodes, individuals
with BPD exhibit changes in psychovegetative function, cognitive performance, and
general health and well being. In this article we draw from neuroimaging findings in
humans, postmortem data, and human genetic and pharmacological studies as well as
data from animal models of behavior to discuss the neurobiology of BPD. We conclude
with a synthesis of where the field stands and with suggestions and strategies for
future areas of study to further increase our conceptual understanding of this
complex illness.
This file is in Adobe Acrobat (PDF) format.
If you have not installed and configured the Adobe Acrobat Reader on your system.
Having trouble reading a PDF?
PDFs are designed to be printed out and read, but if you prefer to read them online, you may find it easier if you increase the view size to 125%.
Having trouble saving a PDF?
Many versions of the free Acrobat Reader do not
allow Save. You must instead save the PDF from the JCI Online page you downloaded it from. PC users:
Right-click on the Download link and choose the option that says something like "Save Link As...".
Mac users should hold the mouse button down on the link to get these same options.
Having trouble printing a PDF?
- Try printing one page at a time or to a newer printer.
- Try saving the file to disk before printing rather than opening it "on the fly." This requires that you
configure your browser to "Save" rather than "Launch Application" for the file type "application/pdf", and can
usually be done in the "Helper Applications" options.
- Make sure you are using the latest version of Adobe's Acrobat Reader.
