Hedgehog signaling regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition during biliary fibrosis in rodents and humans
J. Clin. Invest. 118:10 doi:10.1172/JCI35875
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Figure 2
EMT markers are upregulated in rat cholangiocytes when biliary fibrosis is induced by BDL.

(A) QRT-PCR analysis of whole liver mRNA expression of S100a4 in rats with BDL-induced biliary fibrosis (n = 8) and BDL rats treated with R-Y to alleviate biliary obstruction and reverse biliary fibrosis (n = 5 per each time point). Results were compared with those in sham-operated rats (n = 4) and displayed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 versus sham control. (BE) QRT-PCR analysis of mRNA from freshly isolated primary cholangiocytes from rats 1 week after BDL. (B) S100a4; (C) Aqp1; (D) CK19; and (E) CK-7. Results are compared with similar mRNA analysis of freshly isolated cholangiocytes from sham-operated controls. Data are representative of 3 independent experiments and shown as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005 versus sham control.