High incidence of leukemia in large animals after stem cell gene therapy with a HOXB4-expressing retroviral vector
J. Clin. Invest. Xiao-Bing Zhang, et al. 118:1502 doi:10.1172/JCI34371 [Go to this article.]

Figure 1
Development of leukemia in 2 dogs and 1 macaque transplanted with HOXB4-overexpressing CD34⁺ cells. Marking levels in granulocytes in dogs G374 (A) and G450 (B) and macaque K00339 (C). Representative marrow morphology at necropsy for G374 (D), G450 (E), and K00339 (F). High numbers of blast cells were observed in the marrow. Subset analysis of marrow samples from G374 (G), G450 (H) and K00339 (I). After red blood cell lysis, nucleated marrow cells were stained with antibodies to the T cell marker CD3, B cell marker CD20 or CD21, monocyte marker CD14, granulocyte marker Dm5 or CD13, and stem/progenitor cell marker CD34.