Stimulation of TLR2 and TLR4 differentially skews the balance of T cells in a mouse model of arthritis
J. Clin. Invest. Shahla Abdollahi-Roodsaz, et al. 118:205 doi:10.1172/JCI32639 [
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Figure 7TLR4-mediated stimulation of cytokine production by rheumatoid synovial fluid and in synovial biopsies of RA patients. (
A) HEK293-TLR4 cells were stimulated with PMA, IL-1β, TNF-α, and various TLR ligands as indicated in Methods. Mean IL-8 concentrations (Luminex assay) of triplicates are shown. (
B) HEK293 and HEK293-TLR4 cells were stimulated with synovial fluid of RA patients in the presence of a TNF-α blocker (Enbrel; 100 ng/ml) or remained unstimulated (medium control). IL-8 was measured in culture supernatants after 24 hours. Stimulation index over medium control of each cell line is shown on the
y axis;
n = 7. Data are mean ± SEM. ***
P < 0.001. (
C) Synovial biopsies of RA patients were cultured ex vivo with or without TLR4 antagonist (10 μg/ml) for 24 hours. Experiments were performed in triplicate. The concentration of cytokines was measured using Luminex. Data are mean ± SEM from 7 RA patients.
