Microbial translocation augments the function of adoptively transferred self/tumor-specific CD8⁺ T cells via TLR4 signaling
J. Clin. Invest. Chrystal M. Paulos, et al. 117:2197 doi:10.1172/JCI32205 [Go to this article.]

Figure 3
Ciprofloxacin treatment impairs the effectiveness of ACT therapy and reduces activation of the innate immune system in irradiated mice. (A) Ciprofloxacin reduced the detectable level of LPS in serum. Serum from nonirradiated and 5 Gy irradiated mice left untreated or treated with ciprofloxacin (Cipro) was collected and analyzed for the presence of microbial LPS using a limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Data (n = 3 per group) are representative of 2 independent experiments. (B) Ciprofloxacin treatment reduced the absolute number of host DCs. One day after TBI, splenocytes were isolated from nonirradiated and 5 Gy irradiated mice left untreated or treated with ciprofloxacin. Absolute numbers of CD11c⁺CD86^high DCs were determined in the spleens of nonirradiated and irradiated mice. Data (n = 3 per group) are representative of 2 independent experiments. Horizontal bars indicate means. (C) Treatment of irradiated hosts with ciprofloxacin reduced effectiveness of ACT treatment. C57BL/6 mice bearing s.c. B16F10 tumors established for 10 days received 5 Gy TBI. One day later, mice received an ACT treatment consisting of adoptive transfer of 10⁶ cultured pmel-1 T cells, rFPhgp100 vaccination, and rhIL-2 or were left untreated. Administration of ciprofloxacin as indicated began 2 days prior to ACT and continued for 2 weeks after treatment. Data (mean ± SEM; n = 4–5 per group) are representative of 2 independent experiments. ^†P = 0.05, ^††P < 0.05 versus 5 Gy TBI without ciprofloxacin; ^‡‡P < 0.001 versus 5 Gy TBI plus treatment without ciprofloxacin.