Coordinated epithelial NHE3 inhibition and barrier dysfunction are required for TNF-mediated diarrhea in vivo
J. Clin. Invest. Daniel R. Clayburgh, et al. 116:2682 doi:10.1172/JCI29218 [Go to this article.]

Figure 5
NHE3 is internalized after TNF treatment. Immunofluorescent detection of NHE3 (red), F-actin (green), and nuclei (blue) in the jejunal epithelium 1 hour after injection of vehicle (A), 5 μg TNF (C), or 5 μg LIGHT (E) demonstrates that NHE3 is predominantly found in the epithelial brush border in both control and LIGHT-treated mice. After TNF treatment, much of this brush border staining was absent. Quantification of pixel intensities of multiple immunofluorescent images from control (B), TNF- (D), and LIGHT-treated (F) mice was performed. F-actin fluorescence (green) peaked at the perijunctional actomyosin ring in each set of images. NHE3 intensity (red) peaked just apical to the perijunctional actomyosin ring in controls and after LIGHT treatment, but this peak was abolished after TNF treatment, indicating that TNF leads to a significant loss of brush border NHE3. Scale bars: 5 μm.