Coordinated epithelial NHE3 inhibition and barrier dysfunction are required for TNF-mediated diarrhea in vivo
J. Clin. Invest. Daniel R. Clayburgh, et al. 116:2682 doi:10.1172/JCI29218 [Go to this article.]

Figure 3
Induction of Na⁺ malabsorption reverses water flux in LIGHT-treated animals. (A) Mice were injected with TNF, LIGHT, or vehicle and then perfused with solution containing Na⁺ or the Na⁺ substitute N-methyl- d-glucamine where indicated. Both TNF and LIGHT treatment caused a significant increase in BSA flux compared with control, and perfusion with Na⁺-free perfusate had no effect on the barrier dysfunction elicited by TNF or LIGHT. (B) When perfused with solution lacking Na⁺, control animals demonstrated a reduction in net water absorption (P = 0.03). TNF injection caused net water secretion regardless of the presence of Na⁺ in the perfusate. After LIGHT injection, perfusion with solution containing Na⁺ resulted in an increase in water absorption compared with that in control animals (P = 0.02), while perfusion with solution lacking Na⁺ led to complete ablation of water absorption (P = 0.008).