CD40 induces macrophage anti–Toxoplasma gondii activity by triggering autophagy-dependent fusion of pathogen-containing vacuoles and lysosomes
J. Clin. Invest. Rosa M. Andrade, et al. 116:2366 doi:10.1172/JCI28796 [Go to this article.]

Figure 4
CD40 stimulation induces fusion of preformed PV and late endosomes/lysosomes. Bone marrow macrophages from TNF-α^–/– mice infected with CPSII KO T. gondii–YFP were incubated overnight in the presence of uracil (0.2 mM) to allow parasite replication. After uracil removal, infected macrophages were cultured with stimulatory anti-CD40 mAb for 24 hours. TNF-α (500 pg/ml) was then added to monolayers, and cells were examined after 7 hours. Arrowheads denote colocalization of LAMP-1 (ring) around PV in CD40-activated macrophage. Scale bar: 5 μm. Results are representative of 4 independent experiments.