CTLA4 blockade and GM-CSF combination immunotherapy alters the intratumor balance of effector and regulatory T cells
J. Clin. Invest. Sergio A. Quezada, et al. 116:1935 doi:10.1172/JCI27745 [Go to this article.]

Figure 5
Gvax/anti-CTLA4 treatment increases the ratio of effector CD4⁺ T cells to Tregs in the tumor but not in the lymph nodes. Fifteen days after tumor challenge, lymph nodes (A and B) and tumors (C and D) from untreated or Gvax/anti-CTLA4–treated mice were analyzed by flow cytometry for their content of CD4⁺ and Foxp3⁺ T cells. A and C show representative dot plots for untreated and treated mice, while B and D show the ratio of CD4⁺Foxp3^– to CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ cells in 1 of 3 representative experiments with 3 independently analyzed mice/group.