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R ecently, mutations causing juvenile hemochromatosis have been identified in a novel gene, hemojuvelin (HJV), located on chromosome 1. Mouse models of this disease have now been developed by 2 groups, Huang et al. and Niederkofler et al., through targeted disruption of the Hjv gene (see the related articles beginning on pages 2180 and 2187). These mutant mice will allow further investigation into the role of HJV in the regulation of iron homeostasis, a role that to date remains elusive.