Inhibit GSK-3β or there’s heartbreak dead ahead
J. Clin. Invest. Elizabeth Murphy, et al. 113:1526 doi:10.1172/JCI21986 [
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Figure 1GSK-3β is phosphorylated and inhibited by a number of kinases. In the absence of upstream kinases, unphosphorylated GSK-3β is active, and it phosphorylates and inactivates downstream targets such as glycogen synthase to modulate metabolism or phosphorylates transcription factors and targets them for degradation. Juhaszova et al. (
9) suggest that phosphorylation and inactivation of GSK-3β also reduce activity of the MPT. Most GSK-3β substrates are phosphorylated by another kinase prior to phosphorylation by GSK-3β (
12). GS, glycogen synthase; p70
s6k, p70 ribosomal S6 kinase; RSK, p90 ribosomal S6 kinase; ILK, integrin-linked kinase; WNT, homologues of Wingless; P, phosphorylation.
