Specific antibodies against nitrated α-synuclein recognize synuclein inclusions. Immunostaining with the mAb nSyn24, a nitrated α-synuclein–specific antibody, reveals staining in nigral Lewy bodies of Parkinson disease and dementia with Lewy bodies (a), glial cytoplasmic inclusions of multiple system atrophy (b), and the Lewy body–like inclusions, neuroaxonal spheroids, and dystrophic neurites of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 1 (c). The image was provided by John Duda and Benoit Giasson (Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA).