Recent evidence suggests that sulfhydryl species can react with oxides of nitrogen under physiologic conditions and thereby stabilize endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) activity, but the presence of a specific in vivo thiol carrier for nitric oxide (NO) remains controversial. The single free sulfhydryl of serum albumin is the most abundant thiol species in plasma (approximately 0.5 mM) and is particularly reactive towards NO. To examine the potential role of serum albumin in endogenous nitric oxide metabolism, we synthesized S-nitroso-BSA (S-NO-BSA), a model S-nitroso-protein, and examined its effects on platelet function and coronary and systemic vascular tone in 16 mongrel dogs. Intravenous bolus S-NO-BSA markedly reduced mean arterial pressure in a dose-dependent manner and proved seven and a half-fold less potent than intravenous nitroglycerin and 10-fold less potent than intravenous S-nitroso-cysteine (half-maximal response of 75 nmol/kg compared to 10 and 7.5 nmol/kg, respectively; P < 0.05); when given by intravenous infusion (half-maximal response = 10 nmol/kg per min), however, S-NO-BSA and nitroglycerin were equipotent. Intravenous bolus S-NO-BSA had a greater duration of action than either nitroglycerin or S-nitroso-cysteine and produced marked prolongation of the template bleeding time associated with dose-dependent inhibition of ex vivo platelet aggregation (half-maximal response approximately 70 nmol/kg). Intracoronary S-NO-BSA increased coronary blood flow (mean +/- SEM) less effectively than nitroprusside, acetylcholine, or S-nitroso-cysteine (165% +/- 24% vs. 315% +/- 82%, 483% +/- 55%, or 475% +/- 66%, respectively; P < 0.05) although with much longer duration of action. On a molar basis, S-nitroso-cysteine proved more effective than S-nitroso-BSA, nitroprusside, or acetylcholine as an epicardial coronary vasodilator. Thus, serum albumin reacts with oxides of nitrogen to form a stable S-nitroso-thiol with properties reminiscent of authentic EDRF supporting the view that protein associated thiol may participate in the action and metabolism of EDRF.
J F Keaney Jr, D I Simon, J S Stamler, O Jaraki, J Scharfstein, J A Vita, J Loscalzo
Usage data is cumulative from April 2023 through April 2024.
Usage | JCI | PMC |
---|---|---|
Text version | 202 | 0 |
86 | 38 | |
Scanned page | 195 | 1 |
Citation downloads | 12 | 0 |
Totals | 495 | 39 |
Total Views | 534 |
Usage information is collected from two different sources: this site (JCI) and Pubmed Central (PMC). JCI information (compiled daily) shows human readership based on methods we employ to screen out robotic usage. PMC information (aggregated monthly) is also similarly screened of robotic usage.
Various methods are used to distinguish robotic usage. For example, Google automatically scans articles to add to its search index and identifies itself as robotic; other services might not clearly identify themselves as robotic, or they are new or unknown as robotic. Because this activity can be misinterpreted as human readership, data may be re-processed periodically to reflect an improved understanding of robotic activity. Because of these factors, readers should consider usage information illustrative but subject to change.